What are the differences between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition?

An organism's nutritional mode refers to the process by which nutrients are acquired and metabolized. Autotrophic organisms acquire their nutrients through photosynthesis while heterotrophic organisms gain their nourishment from absorbing organic materials in their environment. The nutrient intake of autotrophic organisms is usually more diverse than that of heterotrophs, who generally consume only one type of fuel source.

In general, autotrophs need to be exposed to light for photosynthesis for them to function properly and heterotrophes actively feed on and absorb chemical sources like bacteria, decaying plant tissue.