Indira Gandhi was India's first woman Prime Minister. She served as Prime Minister for three consecutive terms (1966-1977) and a fourth term from 1980 until her assassination in 1984. She was the child of Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister.
Gandhi was born in Allahabad, India, in 1917. She was educated in India and Switzerland. She entered politics in the 1950s and quickly rose through the ranks of the Indian National Congress (INC). After her father's death in 1964, she became the leader of the INC and became Prime Minister in 1966.
As Prime Minister, Gandhi implemented a number of social and economic reforms. She nationalized banks, introduced land reforms, and increased government spending on education and healthcare. She also pursued a strong foreign policy, aligning India with the Soviet Union and other non-aligned nations.
Gandhi was a popular and charismatic leader, but she was also controversial. She was accused of being authoritarian and of using her power to suppress dissent. In 1975, she imposed a state of emergency, suspending civil liberties and jailing her political opponents. The state of emergency was lifted in 1977, but Gandhi lost the general election that year.
Gandhi returned to power in 1980 and served as Prime Minister until her assassination in 1984. She was assassinated by her own bodyguards in retaliation for her decision to order the Indian Army to attack the Golden Temple in Amritsar, the holiest shrine of the Sikh religion.
Despite her controversial legacy, Indira Gandhi is widely regarded as one of the most important figures in Indian history. She was the first female Prime Minister of India and she led the country through a period of significant social and economic change. She was also a strong advocate for India's independence and sovereignty.

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