Yes, African Blackwood can be cultivated in India but it is not an easy tree to grow commercially. The species prefers warm tropical to semi-arid climates and can be grown in some parts of southern and central India with proper management of soil drainage and long-term moisture management.
I got to looking into this African Blackwood. It has a reputation for being one of the most valuable hardwoods in the world. The first thing I learned is that a lot of people underestimate how slowly it grows. There's a lot of articles on the web about the high value of its timber, but most don't mention that you'll have to wait 40-70 years before you get any premium heartwood suitable for musical instruments or luxury woodworking.
African Blackwood or Dalbergia melanoxylon is a member of the rosewood family. It is native to countries like Tanzania, Mozambique and Kenya. The temperatures in these countries are warm throughout the year and the rainfall pattern is divided into wet and dry seasons.
About exotic tree plantations, the biggest problem in India, in my experience, is not germination. The real test is sustaining that healthy growth in the early years. Young trees can be affected by:
Water-logging during heavy monsoon periods
Root rot on poorly drained clay soils
Slow growth if planted in very fertile agricultural land with too much irrigation
Grazing damage as the seedlings are quite delicate
One real-world problem that many growers overlook is legal compliance. African Blackwood is a species in the Dalbergia genus so trade in timber and seeds internationally may be regulated. I would check current import permissions, quarantine regulations and forestry rules with the relevant Indian authorities before importing seeds or planting material. Many plantation projects fail because the growers focus on growing but forget the documentation requirements.
Another, less well known factor is the formation of heartwood. A healthy tree is not the same thing as high-value black heartwood. The tree grows older and the premium timber matures with time. But fast growth does not equal good wood quality. That is why some plantations have good tree survival, but still do not produce timber that commands premium prices.
If your interest is conservation, botanical interest or a long-term agroforestry project, African Blackwood might be worth trying in suitable Indian climates. If the objective is fast financial returns I would be cautious because the species needs patience, measured in decades, not years.
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