Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj passed away on April 3, 1680, at the Raigad Fort. He was 52 years old at the time of his passing. His death was a massive loss for the Maratha Empire, and even today, historians often discuss the exact circumstances surrounding his final days.
Most historical records and accounts suggest that he died from natural causes. It is widely believed that he had been suffering from a severe bout of illness, specifically a high fever accompanied by dysentery, which weakened him significantly over a period of about three weeks. Because he had been in poor health for some time and had sustained various injuries during his many years of military campaigns, his body eventually succumbed to this illness.
There are, however, other theories that have been debated over the years. Some sources mention the possibility of a condition referred to as the "Bloody Flux," which some speculate could have been intestinal anthrax. Additionally, there has been historical speculation about the possibility of poisoning, with some rumors suggesting involvement from within his own palace circle, specifically linked to his second wife, Soyarabai, and a struggle for the throne. It is important to note, though, that there is no concrete or definitive evidence to support these theories of foul play.
Ultimately, most experts lean toward the explanation of a natural illness that worsened rapidly. After his death, his son Sambhaji Maharaj took over the legacy, continuing the intense struggle to protect the Maratha kingdom against the Mughal Empire.

