In order to conserve linear momentum, the object's velocity vector must be directed perpendicular to the plane of symmetry about the axis of rotation. Scientists use conservation laws in order to account for all possible information related to a phenomenon such as forces acting on an object, and then they can solve for results using numerical methods. However, there are certain problems that are difficult or impossible to solve, like those involving tennis balls in motion through air currents, or in some cases fluid dynamics.
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