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When sulfuric acid reacts with pieces of marble (calcium carbonate), a chemical reaction occurs, producing calcium sulfate, carbon dioxide gas, and water. The reaction is:
CaCO₃ + H₂SO₄ → CaSO₄ + CO₂↑ + H₂O.
This reaction releases bubbles of carbon dioxide, visibly eroding the marble. Over time, the calcium sulfate formed may create a protective layer, slowing the reaction.
The reaction between sulfuric acid and marble (calcium carbonate) produces calcium sulfate, water, and carbon dioxide gas. Carbon dioxide is released during the reaction, causing fizzing or bubbling. During the breakdown of the calcium carbonate, the marble dissolves. Calcium sulfate will then form, forming a white, insoluble layer and causing further reaction to be slowed. Carbonate-based stones are affected by acid in this reaction.
